Inversion - As applied to music the term may be used in both melody and harmony. Melodic inversion: an exchange of ascending and descending movement, e.g. c up to f in descending becomes c down to g. Harmonic inversion: the position of the chord is changed from root position (root on the lowest pitch) to first inversion, with the third, or second inversion, with the fifth in the lowest voice. An example: root position c-e-g; first inversion e-g-c; second inversion g-c-e.
Chordophone - class of instruments compreising strings stretched between fixed points, including: zithers, lute types (lute, violin, guitar, etc), harp types.
Grand piano - A piano with a winglike shape and a horizontal frame, strings, and soundboard.
Fanfare - A prelude or opening, a flourish, usually played by brass instruments.
Marcato - Emphasized, heavily accented.
Ottave bassa - (8va or 8vb) An octave lower.
Major - The designation for certain intervals and scales. A key based on a major scale is called a major key.
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